HARAGIRIMANA Dieudonne
Stade ni kimwe mu bikorwa remezo by’ingenzi muri siporo bifasha kugira ngo imikino ibe mu mutuzo haba ku bakinnyi cyangwa abafana.
Uretse kuba stade zirinda abareba imikino kunyagirwa cyangwa kwicwa n’izuba igihe zitwikiriye, zifasha kandi amakipe kwinjiza amafaranga binyuze mu kumenya umubare w’abinjiye ku kibuga.Stade zitandukanye zifatwa nk’inzu ndangamateka ku buryo zifashishwa mu bukerarugendo butandukanye.
Urutonde rwa stade 10 zimaze imyaka myinshi zubatswe:
1. Lord’s Cricket Ground
Izwi cyane ku izina rya “Cricket House” cyangwa inzu ya Cricket. Ni inzu ndangamateka ya siporo ya kera cyane. Iyi stade yiswe izina n’uwayubatse Thomas Lord iherereye muri St John’s Wood mu Mujyi wa Londres mu Bwongereza .Kugeza ubu iyi stade yakira abantu ibihumbi 30, ikinirwaho n’ikipe ya Marylebone Cricket.
Ubuyobozi bwa Cricket mu Bwongereza na Pays des Galles, Ihuriro ry’umukino wa Cricket mu Burayi hamwe na Cricket Club ya Middlesex County, bose bita iyi stade iwabo.
Ku wa 5 Nyakanga 2014, iyi stade yakiriye umukino wa gicuti wahuje Marylebone Cricket Club XI na Sachin Tendulkar mu birori byo kwizihiza isabukuru y’imyaka 200 imaze yubatswe.
2. The Oval Cricket Ground
Oval Cricket Ground yuzuye mu 1845, yakira abantu 25,500 ndetse ni yo ya mbere yakiriye umukino mpuzamahanga wa Cricket mu Bwongereza muri Nzeri 1880.
Bakunze kuyita “Kia Oval Ground” kubera ko iterwa inkunga na KIA Motors. Oval iherereye i Kennington mu Majyepfo ya Londres mu Bwongereza.
Ikipe ya Cricket yitwa Surrey County niyo ikinira kuri iyi stade kuva ifunguwe ku mugaragaro. Uretse ibyo, ni kimwe mu bibuga binini bya Cricket ku Isi.
Oval ni yo yakiraga imikino ya nyuma ya FA Cup kuva mu mwaka wa 1874 kugeza mu 1892.
3. Melbourne Cricket Ground
Iyi stade yubatswe mu 1853, kuri ubu ifite imyanya yo kwicaramo ibihumbi 100.024, ikaba ariyo nini muri Australie n’iya 11 nini ku Isi.
Melbourne Cricket Ground yakiriye imikino myinshi n’ibirori byabereye mu mikino Olempike yo mu 1956, Igikombe cy’Isi cya Cricket mu 1992 ndetse n’imikino ya Commonwealth ya 2006.
Melbourne Cricket Ground nayo yakira umukino uzwi cyane wa Boxing Day guhera ku ya 26 Ukuboza kugeza ku ya 30 Ukuboza buri mwaka, ugahuza ikipe y’Igihugu ya Australie n’indi yayisuye.
4.Bramall Lane Stadium
Stade Bramall Lane ni yo ishaje cyane ku Isi mu zikinirwaho imikino y’umupira w’amaguru, aho ikinirwaho n’ikipe ya Sheffield United yo mu Cyiciro cya Mbere mu Bwongereza.
Iyi Stade iherereye mu Majyepfo y’Umujyi wa Yorkshire mu Bwongereza.
Yubatswe mu 1855, yakira abantu bagera ku 32.702. Uretse kwakira imikino y’umupira w’amaguru, yanakiriye imikino ya shampiyona ya Rugby ya Sheffield Eagles ndetse n’ibitaramo bibiri bya Rock mu 1988 byakozwe na Bruce Springsteen.
5. South End Grounds
South End Grounds yari stade ikubiyemo eshatu zikinirwamo Baseball i Boston muri Leta ya Massachusetts muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Ikipe ya Baseball yitwa Bostin Braves yo muri Amerika ni yo yakiniraga kuri iki kibuga hagati y’umwaka wa 1871 na 1914.
Yafunguwe ku mugaragaro ku wa 16 Gicurasi 1871 mu gihe nyuma yo kwakira umukino wo ku wa 10 Nzeri 1887, yarasenywe, yongera gufungura imiryango tariki ya 25 Gicurasi 1888.
South End Grounds yafashwe n’inkongi y’umuriro yamenyakanye cyane ku izina rya “ Great Roxbury Fire” ku wa 15 Gicurasi 1894, iravugururwa yongera gufungurwa ku mugaragaro ku wa 20 Nyakanga 1894, kuri ubu ikaba yakira abantu 6800.
6. Lansdowne Road Stadium
Iyi stade yakunze kwakira imikino ya Rugby, yubatswe mu 1872 ifite imyanya ibihumbi 48.
Yasenywe mu mwaka wa 2007 hubakwa indi yitwa The new Aviva Stadium yatashywe ku mugaragaro mu 2010, ikaba iherereye mu gace ka Ballsbridge mu Mujyi wa Dublin aho Lansdowne Road Stadium yari yubatse.
Stade ya Lansdowne Road yubatswe na Henry Wallace Doveton Dunlop wateguye amarushanwa ya mbere y’imikino ngororamubiri ya Irlande , akaba ari na we washinze ikipe y’umupira w’amaguru ya Lansdowne mu 1872.
Usibye kwakira siporo, Stade ya Lansdowne yanakiriye ibitaramo by’umuziki bya Michael Jackson, Robbie Williams n’itsinda rya U2.
7. Stamford Bridge Stadium
Stade ya Stamford Bridge iherereye mu gace ka Moore Park i Fulham mu Mujyi wa Londres, ni yo ikipe ya Chelsea FC ikiniraho imikino yo mu rugo.
Yafunguwe ku mugaragaro ku wa 28 Mata 1877, aho ifatwa nk’iya munani nini mu zikinirwaho shampiyona y’Icyiciro cya Mbere mu Bwongereza.
Ku ya 12 Ukwakira 1935, iyi Stade yigeze kwakira abantu benshi mu mukino wa shampiyona wahuje Chelsea na Arsenal aho yakiriye abasaga 82.905, bikubye hafi kabiri abo isanzwe yakira kuko ubu yakira abantu 41.798.
8. Anfield Stadium
Stade Anfield iherereye mu gace ka Anfield mu Mujyi wa Liverpool mu Bwongereza, ni iya karindwi nini mu mupira w’amaguru mu Bwongereza.
Ubusanzwe yari iya ya Everton FC hagati ya 1884 na 1891 nyuma iza kuba iya Liverpool FC kuva ishinzwe mu 1892.
Anfield ifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abantu ibihumbi 58. Ku wa 2 Gashyantare 1952 yakiriye abantu basaga 61.905 ku mukino wahuje Liverpool FC na Wolverhampton Wanderers.
9. White City Stadium
Stade ya White City yubatswe na George Wimpey ifite imyanya ibihumbi 68.
Iyi stade yafunguwe ku mugaragaro ku ya 27 Mata 1908 n’Umwami Edward VII. Yubatswe mu gihe cy’imikino Olempike yo mu 1908.
White City yakiriye umukino mu Gikombe cy’Isi cya FIFA mu 1966 gusa isenywa mu 1985.
10. Old Trafford Stadium
Old Trafford ni stade ya kabiri nini mu mupira w’amaguru mu Bwongereza, yafunguwe ku mugaragaro tariki ya 19 Gashyantare 1910, ikaba yarubatswe na Archibald Leitch.
Ikinirwaho na Manchester United FC ndetse niyo stade ya cyenda nini mu Burayi ifite imyanya 75,635.
Old Trafford yakiniweho kandi umukino wa nyuma wa Champions League mu 2003 ndetse iri muri stade zifashishijwe mu mikino Olempike yabereye i Londres mu 2012.
