“Thalassa! Thalassa!” ni amagambo cyangwa ukwiyamira abantu bakoresha iyo babonye ibibazo byari bibazonze cyangwa se bibazengereje bigana ku ndunduro. Ni ijambo ry ikigereki risobanura inyanja. Muri iyi nkuru yacu turagaruka ku nkomoko yaryo turebera hamwe urugendo rw ingabo ibihumbi cumi (10 000) b abacancuro b’ abagereki, urugendo rwamamaye cyane mw isi babikesha inyandiko za General Xenophon w umunyatene (Athens) mu nyandiko yise “ANABASIS” bisobanura “The March up” cyangwa se “The march upcountry” ahandi bakayita “ANABASIS-Kyron” bisobanura “Up country march of Cyrus ” ibi byose ugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda bishaka kuvuga ngo urugendo rwerekeza mu majyaruguru y igihugu. Aba barwanyi bisanze bari mu birometero ibihumbi byinshi kure y iwabo inyuma y imirongo y umwanzi hazwi nka behind enemy lines, bagatangira urugendo rwagaragaje bidasubirwaho ubuhangange bw igisirikare mu Bugereki  bakanataha expedition yamaze imyaka ibiri kuva ahagana 401-399 mbere ya Yezu.

Ubugereki kuva kera igihugu gifatwa nk umubyeyi wa demokarasi mw isi, cyari igihugu kigizwe n ama leta yigenga agahora mu ntambara bapfa ubucuruzi, umusaruro cyangwa imipaka. Aba bari barahanganye imyaka myinshi gusa imijyi yari ikomeye kandi ishyamirana cyane yari Sparta na Athens , ariko iyo umwanzi yaturukaga hanze ibi byo kutumvikana kwabo babishyiraga hasi bakamurwanya bivuye inyuma nk abagereki bigashimangirwa na coalition yiswe the Hellenic League yarwanyije abamedi n abaperesi ubwami bw abami bwari igihangange muri ibyo bihe buyobowe n umwami Xerxes I ahagana muri 480 BC bakahatsindira abamedi n abaperesi.

Abagereki bari abarwanyi kabuhariwe, bamenyereye intambara bitewe nuko ku myaka yabo 13, watandukanaga n umubyeyi ukajyanwa mu ishyamba ryuzuye amasimbi ubundi ugatozwa uburwanyi aho wahanganaga n inyamaswa z inkazi ukazica cyangwa ukahagwa wamara gukura ukaba umuturage usanzwe ugahinga cyangwa ukorora kugeza aho intambara zongeye kubura mu gihugu rwagati, nuko rero mukegura intwaro zanyu ubundi mukajya kurwanira umujyi wanyu. Gusa ibi byakorwaga buri mugereki ari umugabo wigenga, bakagira ababahagarariye nk abadepite cyangwa abasenateri bo muri ibi bihe byacu. Abagereki bari bariremeye igisirikare ntagereranywa nk aba hoplites bari abarwanyi b ababgereki bari ikizwi nka heavy infantry cyangwa abarwanira ku maguru bambaye ingofero z ibyuma zikingira umutwe, ibyuma bikingira agatuza ndetse n ibyuma bikingira amaguru yabo banitwaje amacumu ndetse n ingabo zibakingira, bari igisirikare cyabigize umwuga barwanira muri military formation ya phalanx aho bakoraga imirongo migari ya rectangle aho bashyiraga ingabo zabo imbere zikamera nk umutamenwa utanyeganyega ubundi bakegera abanzi babo babahuranyisha amacumu mu gihe umwanzi we ntahantu abonera ho kubamenesha ikindi cyisumbuyeho bari bihariye muri icyo gihe kandi baranahembwaga.

Abandi bari aba peltast benshi baturukaga muri Thrace na Romania) iri zina bakarikomora kuri Pelte ingabo bakoreshaga. Aba ba peltast baranyarukaga mu rugamba cyangwa mu ntambara kuko bo batambaraga ibyuma bibakingira ahubwo bitwazaga amacumu menshi afite uburebure bwa metero imwe.

Abandi nkuko ubugereki bwari igihugu gikora ku Nyanja, ntakabuza bari bazi gukoresha amazi nk uburyo bwo gukora intambara, ntiwibeshye na gato, abagereki bari bariremeye amato y igitangaza bari barayise Trireme. Triremis ijambo ry ikilatini risobanura “three-rower” ugenekeranyije mu Kinyarwanda bishaka kuvuga imirongo 3 y abagashyi.Ubu bwato ntibwakoreshwaga ahanini ari ubwo gutwara abarwanyi ahubwo bwonyine ubwabwo bwari intwaro ntagereranywa abagereki bari barivumburiye, bwatwarwaga n abantu hagati ya 30 na 170 bukaba bwaratwaraga  n abarwanyi b abahoplites 10 ndetse n abarashisha imiheto 4 ariko nyuma baraje kwongerwa nyuma y imyaka n indi. Mu kanya nkako guhumbya ubu bwato bwahuranyaga ubw abanzi babo bunyerera ku mazi ku muvuduko wa knots 9~10 cyangwa se bunyerera ku muvuduko wa metero 5 mu isegonda (5m/s) bikabigira ubwato bw indahangarwa aho bwabaga bufite umutwe ukozwe mu muringa cyangwa icyuma ukozwe mu nyamaswa nk ihene cyangwa izindi ku buryo yo byasekuraga ubundi bwato bwasandaraga aha yari mu binyejana bya 7~4 mbere ya Yezu. Aya mato yamamaye cyane cyane mu ntambara yashyamiranyaga abagereki n ubwami bw abami bw abamedi n abaperesi mu rugamba rwa Salamis hagati y amato ya Hellenic League n Armada y abaperesi ahagana muri 480 BC ku ngoma y umwami Xerxes I.

Ibi byose byatangiye harangira intambara yari ishyamiranyije coalitions ebyiri z abagereki zari zigizwe na Delian League iyobowe na Athens ariko ikagira indi mijyi ibarirwa hagati y i 150 na 330 irimo iyitwa nka Cimon/Kimon, Karystos yo muri Euboea, Skyros, Naxos,Thasos, n indi myinshi. Kurundi ruhande hari coalition yari iyobowe na Sparta yitwaga Peloponnesian League igizwe n imijyi nka Korinto (Corinth), Kythir, Melos, Pylos, Mantinea, Elis n indi myinshi. Iyi ntambara yabayeho kuva kera ariko iyi yo yari yarahereye muri 470s BC nyuma yuko Sparta yiyomoye kuri colition yahuzaga izi Leagues zombi bigakurura umwuka mubi. Iteka intambara zigira impamvu zazo kandi noneho zimwe zumvikana izindi zitumvikana ariko uyu munsi sibi tugarukaho. Iyi ntambara yari iciyemo ibice bitatu icya gatatu ari nacyo cyasize Athens ipfukamishijwe bidasubirwaho hafi gusenywa burundu igatwikwa abaturage bayo bakagirwa abacakara nkuko Corinth yabisabaga nk uburyo bwo guhana abanyathens bari barabaruhije cyane mu ntambara. Nyamara iki gitekerezo Sparta yaracyanze ibona ko bidakwiriye ko umugereki acuruzwa nk umucakara. Aha hagaragaramo ubugambanyi n ubufatanye no gutera inkunga k ubwami bw abami bw abamedi n abaperesi, nibwo intambara igice cyayo cya gatatu (431 – 404 BC) yarangiraga nuko abagereki batangira gucuruza ubunararibonye n ubuhanga mu ntambara mu bihugu bituranye yewe ndetse no mu Buperesi bakishyurwa barwanira uwabahamagaje amafaranga menshi yicyo gihe ndetse bagahembwa ku kwezi, aha yari mu kinyejana cya gatanu mbere ya Yezu….

Aha niho ducumbikiye igice cya mbere kuri iyi nkuru, igice cya kabiri mukazakigezwaho ku wa mbere nkuko izi nkuru zisohoka buri kuwa mbere.

Amahoro y Imana abane namwe!!

DShK uyibonye uku kw izina gusa wakumva ari ikintu kindi cyo utar’ usanzwe wumva. Izina ryayo yamenyekanyeho ni 12.7mm heavy machine gun ikagira imbarutso iri mu bwoko bwa V, imbunda yamamaye mw isi hose cyane cyane mu Rwanda. Iyi mbunda iremereye ifite inkomoko yayo mu gihugu cya Leta zunze ubumwe z abasoviyeti ahagana mu mwaka w i 1938 aho yakoreshejwe kugeza magingo aya. Imbunda iteka igira icyo yakorewe, izi zakozwe nka machine gun zihanura indege mu byo twita mu rurimi rw’ icyongereza “Anti-aircraft”. Ubu tugiye kurebera hamwe ese izi 12.7mm zigizwe n iki? ese ninde wayihanze?

Cartridge yayo ni 12.7X108 mm aho irasa amasasu 600 ku munota isasu rimwe rigendera ku muvuduko wa metero 850m/s. Ikindi wanamenya kuri iyi mbunda, nuko irasa mu ntera hagati y ibirometero bibiri (2km) kugeza ku birometero bibiri n igice (2.5km). yinjizwamo amasasu mirongo itanu (50) kw’ i chain imwe.

Mugire umunsi! mwiza!!!

Nasibu Abdul Juma Issack umunyamuziki w’icyamamare hano muri Africa ndetse no ku isi hose wamenyekanye nka Diamond Platnumz wakunze kuvugwa murukundo n’abakobwa benshi batandukanye biganjemo abo muri aka karere u Rwanda narwo ruhereyemo biravugwa ko yaba yaramaze gutanga inkwano ndetse imihango yo gukora ubukwe bwe n’umunyarwandakazi imyiteguro igeze kure.

Diamond agiye gukora ubukwe

nkuko tubikesha ikinyamakuru Inyarwanda.com nuko nyuma yamezi asaga atandatu uyu muhanzi atandukanye nuwari umukunzi we tanasha Donna ndetse akaba yaratandukanye nawe nyuma yuko babyaranye umwana umwe biravuga ko uyu mugabo arimbanyije imyiteguro yo gushaka undi mugore ndetse yewe akaba azaba ari umunyarwandakazi nubwo amazina ye nyakuri atari yatangazwa.

inyarwanda ikomeza ivuga ko ubwo mukwezi gushize kwa karindwi Diamond yari mugitaramo yakoreye dodoma muri tanzania  nubundi yaganirije abari aho ndetse abatangariza ko umukunzi ahari ndetse yewe ko nimyiteguro ayigeze kure vuba agombva kubatumira nanone dore ko ubukwe bwo si ubwambere yaba abukoze.

Subwambere yaba akoze ubukwe

ibindi binyamakuru kandi byo muri aka karere dutuyemo byanditse bivuga ko ubu bukwe butari mu magambo gusa ndetse ko uyu mugabo yaba agiye kurushinga n’umunyarwandakazi ndetse yewe unaturuka mu muryango ukomeye nko tubikesha inyarwanda.com

ibinyamakuru bikomeza bishimangira kandi ko ushinzwe gutegura ibiori muri WASAFI kazimoto Hellen ndetse nuwahoze ahagarariye polisi ya dar es salaam paul Makondo aribo bari gutegura ubu bukwe.

ibi kandi bishimangirwa namagambo Diamond ubwe yitangarije ubwo yavugaga ko azizihiza isabukuru y’imyaka 31 n’umwe afite umugore  ibi bibaye ari ukuri byaba bisobanuye ko atazarenza ukwezi kwa cyenda adakoze ubukwe kuko isabukuru ye izaba tariki ya 02 z’ukwezi kwa cumi (ukwakira).

Mbabazi Shadia  ariwe shaddyboo niwe byakunze kuvugwa ko yaba ariwe mukunzi mushya wa Diamond platnumz ibi bikaba byarashingirwaga kumubano wakunze kugaragara hagati yabo bombi haba mugihe uyu muhanzi yazaga mu Rwanda ndeste no mungendo shaddyboo yagiye agirirra mugihugu cya Tanzania.

shaddyboo yakunze kugaragaza umubano hagati ye na diamond

14. kuko ari yo myuka y’abadayimoni, ikora ibitangaza igasanga abami bo mu isi yose, ngo ibahururize kujya mu ntambara yo ku munsi ukomeye w’Imana Ishoborabyose. 15. (Dore nzaza nk’umujura. Hahirwa uba maso akarinda imyenda ye, kugira ngo atagenda yambaye ubusa bakareba isoni z’ubwambure bwe.) 16. Ibateraniriza ahantu mu Ruheburayo hitwa Harimagedoni. 17. Marayika wa karindwi asuka urwabya rwe mu kirere. Ijwi rirenga rivugira mu rusengero kuri ya ntebe riti “Birarangiye!” Ibyahishuwe 16: 14-17 muri Bibiliya Yera.

intambara ikomeye, kuyumva biragoranye nkuko muri Bibiliya igitabo cyasomwe n miriyari nyinshi z abatuye isi kibivuga ku munsi w umujinya w Imana hazabaho intambara izwi kw izina rya “Harimagedoni” ijambo rikomoka mu giheburayo “Har Megiddo,” bisobanura ngo umusozi wa Megiddo wumvise uko wakumva nta bitangaje birimo nyamara mu mateka y intambara iri zina risobanura ikintu gikomeye nkuko tugiye kubibona hashize imyaka 3500.

Harimagedoni bisobanura muyandi magambo imperuka, irimbuka, uyu musozi wa Megiddo uherereye ku butaka buri mu kigobe cy abarabu ahegereye inyanja ya Mediterane mu kibaya cy i Yezereli. Aha Megiddo habereyeyo intambara nyinshi kugeza naho ari naho hakekwa cyangwa se abenshi bizerera ko hazabera intambara yanyuma izashyira akadomo ku guhangana hagati y icyiza n ikibi. Intambara zahabereye ni:

• Intambara hagati ya Farawo wa Misiri/ Egiputa Thutmose III (wategetse1458-1425 BCE) na abanyakanani bari bigumuye kuri Misiri bayobowe n umwami w i Kadeshi ahagana mu mwaka w i 1479 BCE mbese mbere y ivuka rya Yezu mu yandi magambo mbere ya zeru.
• Urundi rugamba rwari muri 609 BCE hagati y abanyegiputa n abayuda
• Urundi ni urwari rushyamiranyije ubwami bw abami bw Ubwongereza n ubwami bw abami bw aba Ottoman mu 1918 aha ni mu gihe cyacu hashize imyaka 102

Uyu munsi rero turavuga ku rugamba rwashyamiranyije Farawo Thutmose III n abanyakanani bari bamwigumuyeho. Abari bahanganye bari abanyamisiri bayobowe n umwami wabo Farawo Thutmose III babarirwa mu ngabo hagati y ibihumbi 10 n ibihumbi makumyabiri (10 000- 20 000) mu gihe mubo bari bahanganye yari coalition y abanyakanani bari baturutse muri Kadesh, Megiddo, ndetse n i Mitanni bayobowe n umwami w i Kadeshi ndetse n igikomangoma cy i Megiddo bagizwe n ingabo hagati y ibihumbi cumi na cumi na bitanu (10 000- 15 000) aha ni muri Siriya.

Umwami wa Egiputa Farawo Thutmose III yarwanye intambara zisaga 14 mu myaka mirongo itanu irenga yamaze ku ngoma, impamvu urugamba rwa Megiddo ruzwi kw izina rya Harimagedoni rugarukwaho cyane mu mateka y intambara mw isi nuko ari rwo rwa mbere rwabonyweho n abatangabuhamya ndetse n abanditsi batari abasirikare barurwanye. Impamvu y intambara yatewe n ukwigumura kw abanyakanani kandi iyi mijyi yari imijyi yari ifatiye runini ubwami bw abami bw abanyegiputa kuko yari hagati mu nzira y ubucuruzi yahuzaga abanyamisiri ndetse n ubwami bugari bwabo bwageraga muri Mezopotamiya. Aha umwami wa Misiri Farawo THutmose III ntiyari kubyihanganira ahitamo gutangiza intambara kuba nyakanani ahagurutsa ingabo ibihumbi 20 asanganira abanyaanani aho bari bakambitse i Megiddo.

Nkuko bigarukwaho n umwanditsi Tjaneni wabaye muri iyo ntambara, Umwami w i Kadeshi nawe yahurije hamwe abatware b i Siriya, Aram na Canaan bajya mu ruhande rwe ngo bahangane n umwanzi wabo umwami wa Misiri amutegerereza ku mazi y i Taanach. Yumvaga ko Farawo Thutmose III azaturuka mu nzira y i Dothaim – Taanach mu kibaya cy i Kishon, Bakiva ku mupaka wabo wahitwa i Tjaru (mu kigereki havuga Sile) bahise bigarurira Gaza, nyuma yaho yerekeza i Yehem ahavuye akomeza asanga abanyakanani i Megiddo. Hanyuma yohereza abatasi ngo batate inzira yagombaga kunyuzamo ingabo ze kugira ngo abashe kugera i Megiddo. basanze hari inzira 3 gusa, mu majyaruguru hari uruhererekane rw imisozi ya Karumeri, inyuma yaho hakaba ari naho hari umujyi wa Megiddo, undi nawo wo mu majyaruguru ukaba Zefti n i Tel Yokneam mu gihe uw amajyepfo wacaga Taanach ugeza mu kibaya cya  Jezreel, uwanyuma wari uw ako kanya ariko ufite ibyago byinshi wacaga Aruna (ubu ni Wadi Ara) ariko ukaba inzira ifunganye kuburyo abasirikare be bari gukora umurongo muremure bikaba byabashyira mu byago byo gushirira rimwe mu gihe bituweho n umwanzi. Farawo amaze kwingingwa n abagaba b ingabo ze kuba bafata imwe mu nzira zoroshye ho kwishyira mu byago baca mu nzira ifunganye yahisemo kubyanga ahitamo inzira bangaga agira ati niba munsaba guca mu nzira yoroshye nta kabuza n abanzi niko batekereje none rero reka mbahinyuze mbatungure.

Niko byagenze mu mayeri y urugamba Farawo yafashe igisirikare cye akinyuza ahafunganye muri Aruna, umwami w i Kadeshi yari yasuzuguye aha Aruna atekereza ko abanyamisiri batahanyura nyamara za nzira 2 zindi azirindisha ingabo bikomeye. Ahangaha intambara yaroroshye ndetse iranihuta Farawo amaze kugera mu kibaya yahise ashinga amahema muri uwo mugoroba nuko mw ijoro apanga igisirikare cye. Bukeye mu gitondo umwami w i Kadeshi yagabye igitero ariko nyamara ntiyari yiteguye ndetse yanatunguwe kuba abanyamisiri bamugezeho. Mu mirongo y urugamba abanyamisiri bari igisirikare gihambaye kuri buri ruhande bafite amagare y intambara asaga 1000. Nkuko nababwiye intambara ntiyatinze, mu myaka y icyo gihe nirwo rugamba rwari rukomeye rwari rubayeho ako kanya abanyakanani baratsinzwe bahungira mu mujyi wa Megiddo. Farawo yagose umujyi mu gihe cy amezi arindwi kugeza aho umwami w i Kadeshi yatorotse nuko umujyi wishyira mu maboko ya Farawo.

Abanyamisiri aha bafashe amagare y intambara agera muri 924,amafarashi asaga 20 000, amatoni y ingano na seyiri,  imiheto yarigezweho icyo gihe 500 banafata imyenda y intambara isaga 200, ibimasa bisaga 1920, intama 22 500,  ndetse banafata indi mijyi yari mu kibaya cy i Yezereli byose bijya munsi y ubutegetsi bwa Egiputa. Ku ruhande rw abasirikare babanyamisiri hishwe abagera mu bihumbi bine hakomereka igihumbi mu gihe ku ruhande rw abanyakanani hishwe abagera ibihumbi umunani magana atatu hafatwa bunyago abasaga ibihumbi bitatu magana ane.

Naha nsoreje amateka y urugamba rw Megiddo urugamba rwafashe intera mu mateka y isi kugeza aho ubukana bwarwo bwatumye rufata n izina rya Harimagedoni, urugamba ruzwi muri Bibiliya nk  urugamba rwa nyuma mu mateka y isi, urugamba ruzashyira akadomo ku kibi.

Ni akagaruka amahoro y Imana abane namwe!

Mu mateka y ikiremwamuntu nka kimwe mu binyabuzima bimaze igihe gito ariko cyabashije kwivumburira ikoranabuhanga ryihariye ryatumye aba icyo aricyo ubu, byamusunikiye kugushaka no kuvumbura ibikorwa by indashyikirwa byabayeho mu mateka ye. Uyu munsi turarebera hamwe amateka n urugendo rw indege yakozwe n umuntu uko rwatangiye Imyaka ibihumbi byinshi irashije (hafi imyaka amagana mbere ya Yezu).

Mu bwami bw abami bw abashinwa buherereye mu burasirazuba buhera (China) ubwami bumaze imyaka ibihumbi bitatu, ahanga mu myaka magana nibwo hadukaga ibisa n igitekerezo cyagejeje ikiremwamuntu ku kuguruka mu kirere nk inyoni. Ikigaragaza ko ari bimwe mu bitekerezo birambye mw isi nuko ubisanga mu bice bitandukanye by isi nko mu Bugereki, mu Buhindi, mu Bushinwa ndetse n ahandi mu Burayi ahagana mu myaka magana ishize. Nkuko bizwi nka Aviation mu cyongereza, bikomoka mu rurimi rw ikilatini bikomoka kuri AVIS (inyoni) ndetse na ICTION bisobanura igikorwa wayahuza bikarema ijambo rivuga ngo igikorwa cy inyoni.

Mu bitekerezo byaranze amateka y iguruka ry abantu ushobora kuba warumvise umubyeyi n umuhungu we bagurutse bakoresheje amababa bikoreye. Daedalus na Icarus abagereki babaye ibyamamare aho basimbutse baturuka ku munara muremure bagerageza kuguruka ariko Icarus aza gupfa ahanutse ubwo se yamubuzaga kuguruka cyane asatira izuba kugira ngo amababa ye adashonga nyamara agatwarwa n umunyenga kugeza aho amababa ye ashongeye. Ahagana muri 880s AD uwitwa Abbas Ibn Firnas yiyambitse ibibabi by inkongoro ku maboko yombi nk amababa nuko asimbuka mu mujyi wa Cordoba muri Esipanye, yabashije kuguruka ariko mu kumanuka ananirwa kubona uburyo kuko umurizo w inyoni ugira akamaro mu kugira ngo ibe yaguruka cyangwa ngo imanuke ihagarare. Firnas yaravunitse ariko yabaye umwe mu bantu batanze ishusho y indege ziguruka magingo aya.

igihangano gifata ishusho bitewe naho kigeze cyubakwa, niko n ibikorwa by indege byagenze ku kugeza kw ishusho tubona ubu. Ahagana muri mu binyejana bibanza bya nyuma ya Yezu, mu Bushinwa hari ibyitwa kites abana benshi babikinishaga aho babikoraga mu mashashi ubundi bakabizirikaho imigozi miremire ubundi ukakareka kakaguruka kure cyane gatwawe n umuyaga.

Ubundi buryo bwari ubwa hot balloons (mbuze inyito mu kinyarwanda) aho bikekwa ko ibi byatangijwe mu Bushinwa mu myaka 2500 ishize aho yakoreshwaga mu birori ndetse no mu gushyingura. Nabwo umuhanga Joseph Needham avuga ko zigeze gukoreshwa mu bikorwa bya gisirikare n umujenerari w umushinwa ahagana muri 180-234 AD witwa Zhuge Liang akanga abasirikare bari bahanganye.

Leonardo da Vinci nawe ntiyatanzwe aho ahagana muri 1505 yakoze ibyo nakwita nk ibishushanyo mbonera by indege cyane cyane iyakoreshejwe muri kajugujugu, ibi yabikoze amaze kwiga uko inyoni n uducurama uko tuguruka imyaka ijana irenga mbere y ubushakashatsi bw umuhanga mu by ubugenge Sir Isaac Newtons wabitangaje ahagana mu 1687.

Abandi bakurikiyeho ni Francesco Lana de Terzi ahagana muri 1670, Bartolomeu de Gusmao mu 1709, Abafaransa b abavandimwe bitwa Montgolfier mu 1783, abavandimwe baba Robert (Robert brothers) ahagana mu 1783 nabo bakaba bari abafaransa, ahagana muri 1863 muri civil war y abanyamerika yifashishijwe n uwitwa Ferdinand von Zepplin wabarizwaga mu mutwe witwaga Union Army Balloon Corps wari warayishyizweho na Thaddeus S. C. Lowe wari wahawe ububasha na Perezida wicyo gihugu.

Mu kinyejana cya cumi n icyenda Sir George Cayley ufatwa nk uwahanze indege kuko yize ubugenge bw ibiguruka anashushanya imashini yarigezweho muri icyo gihe  Sir George niwe wagize uruhare runini mu bya siyanse ku migurukire y indege no kugeza kubizaba biyigize. Abaje kumenyekana ni Wright brothers tariki 17 Ukuboza 1903 Orville Wright yagurutse metero 37 mu masegonda 12 naho umuvandimwe we Wilbur Wright aguruka metero 260 mu masegonda 59 igendera kuri metero 10 ivuye ku butaka, izi nizo ngendo za mbere z indege zabaye ku mugaragaro kuko hari abatangabuhamya b ubwoko butandukanye nk amato 3 y abashinzwe ubutabazi bwo mu mazi, umushoramari wo muri ako gace ndetse n umusore umwe wo muri ako gace ari uko zabaye ingendo za mbere zabaye ku karubanda.

Nyuma yaha hakurikiyeho ubundi buvumbuzi buhambaye ndetse haduka n inganda zikora indenge nka Boeing, Airbus, Pilatus, Embraer, Bombardier, Dassault Falcon n izindi n izindi. Mu 1914 ubwo intambara ya mbere y isi yabagaho, indege zifashishijwe bwa mbere n abongereza bazikoresha mu kuneka nyuma yaho bazishyiraho imbunda zitangira kurwana nazo. Mu gihe cy intambara ya kabiri y isi hubatswe izihambaye zirwana zikanasenya imijyi mu buryo bworoshye dushobora kuzagarukaho mu nkuru zacu z ahazaza ariko noneho intambara irangiye indege ntizari bujugunywe ahubwo barazihinduye bashyiramo aho abantu bicara zihinduka izitwara abantu uko.

Amasiganwa yo guhanga indege z igitangaza yarakomeje ku guhera imiyaka ibihumbi byinshi aho bagurukishaga amababa akozwe mu bibabi by inkongoro kukugeza aho batwara abantu benshi bagera muri magana atanu ndetse n izindi zikorera ibintu.

Ndabashimiye cyane inkuru zacu n akagaruka,

Mugire amahoro n imigisha biva ku Mana!