Indwara 5 zica gahoro gahoro kandi zikomeye ugomba kwitondera

Muri iki gihe, hari indwara zica gahoro gahoro kandi zikomeye (silent killers) zisigaye zihitana benshi kandi mu buryo butunguranye. Impamvu izi ndwara zihitana benshi, ni uko zitagaragaza ibimenyetso hakiri kare, ndetse zanabigaragaza bikaza ari bito ku buryo bituma benshi batagana kwa muganga.

Izi ndwara zibasira umubiri gahoro gahoro, ariko zangiza byinshi mu mikorere myiza y’umubiri, nyuma y’igihe ibyo zangije ntibiba bigishobora guhindurwa cg gusubizwa ubuzima.

Niyo mpamvu ugomba kumenya izi ndwara hakiri kare, kuzirinda byagufasha guhangana n’ibibazo zishobora gutera.

Indwara zica gahoro gahoro 5 za mbere ugomba kwitondera

1. Kanseri

Nkuko bigaragazwa n’umuryango mpuzamahanga ubungabunga ubuzima (WHO), muri 2015 kanseri yahitanye abarenga miliyoni 8.8 ku isi hose. Abarenga 70% baboneka mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, bakomeza bavuga ko abo kanseri yibasira bagenda biyongera cyane mu buryo buteye inkeke; ku buryo izazamukaho 70% mu myaka 20 iri imbere.

Kanseri iterwa n’uruhurirane rw’ibibazo byaba akoko (genetic factors) ndetse n’ibituruka hanze nk’imirasire ikomeye (radiation), kunywa itabi no kuba ahari umwuka waryo, ibintu byinshi byanduye harimo n’amazi arimo ibinyabutabire nka arsenic.

Imyaka nayo ni ikindi kibazo, kuko kenshi usanga uko imyaka yiyongera ariko ibyago byo kwibasirwa na kanseri byiyongera.

Gutakaza ibiro mu buryo budasobanutse no guhorana umunaniro igihe cyose ni bimwe mu bimenyetso by’ibanze bikunze kuboneka kuri benshi bagifatwa na kanseri.

Habaho amoko atandukanye ya za kanseri;

Kanseri zihitana abagabo cyane ni: kanseri y’ibihaha, iy’igifu, iy’umwijima, iy’umwoyo ndetse na kanseri ya prositate

Kanseri zihitana abagore cyane ni: kanseri y’ibere, iy’ibihaha, iy’inkondo y’umura, iy’umwoyo ndetse na kanseri y’igifu.

Soma birambuye ibimenyetso bya kanseri y’igifu ugomba kwitondera, uramutse ubibonye uzihutire kugana kwa muganga

Zimwe muri izi kanseri ziravurwa zigakira. Izindi ushobora guhabwa inking0 zagufasha kuzirinda (urugero: kanseri y’inkondo y’umura)

Soma birambuye uburyo ushobora gukoresha mu kwirinda no kurwanya kanseri

2. Indwara z’umutima

Mu ndwara z’umutima harimo indwara nyinshi gusa ivugwa cyane ni atherosclerosis; iyi ikaba indwara yibasira imijyana (arteries), ibinure by’ubwoko bwose, cholesterol ndetse n’ibisigazwa bya kalisiyumu bikihugika muri iyi miyoboro. Iyo bibaye byinshi bishobora gutuma amaraso yifunga agakora utubumbe (blood clot), bityo imiyoboro y’amaraso igafungana. Iyo ifunganye bishobora guteza ikibazo gikomeye cy’umutima guhagarara (heart attack) cg se stroke (amaraso ajya mu bwonko guhagarara).

Soma birambuye ibimenyetso ukwiye kubona, bikagufasha kwihutira kwisuzumisha indwara z’umutima

Iyi ndwara ihitana benshi ya atherosclerosis, ikiyitera n’igihe izira mu byukuri ntibimenyekana gusa igenda iza gahoro gahoro ariyo mpamvu ari indwara zica gahoro gahoro (silent killers)

Izindi ndwara z’umutima nazo zica gahoro gahoro, twavuga:

Coronary artery disease

(cg se ischaemic heart disease) iyi ndwara irangwa no kugabanuka cg gufungana kw’imiyoboro ijyana amaraso mu mutima, bishobora gutera guhagarara k’umutima.

Cerebrovascular disease

Ni ikibazo cyo gufungana cg kugabanuka k’udutsi duto dutwara amaraso mu bwonko. Iyi niyo mpamvu nyamukuru ya stroke.

Indwara z’umutima zihangayikishije isi muri rusange, kandi zigenda ziyongera cyane. Mu bihugu byacu, aho kwisuzumisha bikira hasi, ni ha handi wumva cg ukabona umuntu wari muzima yicaye cg yagendaga agapfa. Izi ndwara zo akenshi ziza ziherekejwe n’izindi nka diyabete ndetse n’umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso.

3. Diyabete

Cg indwara y’igisukari ihitana abantu barenga miliyoni 1.5 ku isi. Iyi ndwara yica gahoro gahoro.

Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 niyo ihitana benshi kandi ikica buhoro buhoro, iterwa n’ukwiyongera kw’isukari mu maraso ahanini bitewe nuko umubiri wawe uba utagishoboye gukora insulin cg se kubera umusemburo wa insulin ubusanzwe ushinzwe kuringaniza isukari mu maraso, utagikora neza.

Iyo diyabete ikiza ntushobora kubimenya, ibimenyetso bitangira kuza igihe isukari nyinshi mu maraso yatangiye gutera ibibazo.

Soma birambuye ibimenyetso bishobora kukwereka ko wenda kurwara diyabete, nuramuka ubibonye uzihutire kugana ivuriro.

Uburyo bwo kwirinda iyi ndwara, harimo gukora imyitozo ngorora mubiri no guhindura imyitwarire yawe, niba ubaho ubuzima bwo kwicara cyane.

4. Umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso

Ubusanzwe umuvuduko w’amaraso ushobora kwiyongera cg se ukagabanuka mu bihe bitandukanye by’umunsi. Gusa niba umuvuduko w’amaraso wawe uhora hejuru ya 140/90 buri gihe, nta kabuza ufite umuvuduko w’amaraso ukabije (cg hypertension).

Iyi ndwara iyo ikikwibasira nta kimenyetso nta n’ikiyiranga izana. Uburyo bwonyine wabimenya ni ukwipima cg kugana kwa muganga bakagupima.

Kubera umuvuduko uri hejuru amaraso yawe aba agenderaho, bituma imijyana (artheries) ikomera cyane bikaba byatera indwara ya atherosclerosis no kongera ibyago byo guhagarara k’umutima (heart attack) cg kurekera gutera k’umutima (heart failure).

Usibye kwangiza umutima, umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso wangiza n’impyiko. Iyi ndwara yangiza bikomeye udutsi duto dutwara amaraso mu bice by’impyiko, aho ingirangingo zishinzwe kuyungurura amaraso (nephrons) ziba zitagerwaho n’umwuka mwiza uhagije (oxygen) ndetse n’ibizitunga. Nephrons zitangira gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura amaraso no kuringaniza amatembabuzi, imisemburo ndetse n’umunyu mu mubiri. Nuko impyiko zigatangira kwangirika n’umubiri muri rusange.

5. Cardiomyopathy

Indwara zibasira imikaya y’umutima zitwa cardiomyopathy. Izi ndwara zishobora guterwa n’akoko ukomora ku babyeyi cg se infection runaka kimwe n’uko yazanwa n’indi mpamvu. Izi ndwara zica gahoro gahoro, kuko nta bimenyetso cg se ibiziranga zigira. Ibimenyetso bitangira kugaragara nyuma igihe umutima watangiye gucika intege cg utagishobora gutera (heart failure).

Bimwe mu bimenyetso biranga kurekera gutera k’umutima cg heart failure ni:

• Guhumeka insigane cg bikugoye cyane kabone nubwo ntacyo waba uri gukora cg se uri gukora ibigusaba imbaraga nyinshi
• Kumva umutima uteragura bidasanzwe
• Kuzana amazi mu mavi, inkokora cg se mu birenge
• Umunaniro uhoraho

Izi ndwara zica gahoro gahoro (silent killers) ushobora kuzirinda hakiri kare binyuze mu gukora imyitozo ngorora mubiri, kwirinda umubyibuho ukabije, kwisuzumisha byibuze inshuro 1 mu mwaka imikorere y’umubiri wawe no kwivuze hakiri kare igihe cyose wumva mu mubiri utameze neza.

Src: Umutihealth