YegoB
Abantu bagerageje ndetse baracyagerageza gushaka uburyo bashobora kubaho imyaka irenga 100 cyangwa 1000, ariko ntibashobora kubigeraho kubera indwara zidakira n’ibindi bintu bitakwirindwa nk’impanuka.
Ariko siko bimeze ku nyamaswa zizwiho kubaho imyaka irenga 100 cyangwa kugeza 15,000. Bitabaye indwara cyangwa indi mpanuka runaka, izi nyamaswa ntizishobora gupfa. Dore zimwe muri izo nyamaswa:
Imwe mu nyamaswa z’inyamabere ku isi izwiho kubaho imyaka irenga 200. Bitandukanye n’abantu, ingirabuzimafatizo zazo ntizishobora kwangirika bitewe n’ubushobozi bwazo bwo gusana ADN yangiritse.
Mu buryo bwa siyansi izwi nka Turritopsis nutricula kandi yabanje kuvumburwa mu nyanja ya Mediterane. Ni ubwoko bw’ifi(jellyfish) ishobora kuvugurura ingirabuzimafatizo zayo uko zahoze, hanyuma zigatangira kongera gukura. Ibi bivuze ko ari nkaho ziba zitangiye ubuzima bushya igihe cyose ingirabuzimafatizo zazo ziyuburuye, ibi bikaba aribyo bituma zibaho imyaka myinshi cyane.
Indi nyamaswa ishobora kubaho igihe kirekire cyane, ni ubwoko bw’utunyamasyo twa Aldabra Atoll tuba mu birwa bya Seychelles, ndetse buzwiho kuba ari bumwe mu bunyamasyo bunini ku isi. Ubu bwoko bw’utunyamasyo bugera mu gihe cyo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina(sexual maturity) ku myaka 30, bityo bigasaba igihe kinini gukura.
Isesengura myororokere rya DNA( A genetic analysis of DNA) ryakozwe n’umushakashatsi mpuzamahanga witwa Lonesome George, ryagaragaje ko igihangange Aldabra gifite ubwoko butandukanye bwa gene, buzwiho kuba bufite ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, guhagarika kanseri ndetse no gusana ADN. Ibi bishobora kuba ari byo bituma izi nyamaswa zibaho imyaka isanga 255, aho hari n’iziyikuba kabiri.
Indi nyamaswa irama, mu buryo bwa siyansi izwi nka Mesocentrotus franciscanus cyangwa se ikitwa the red sea urchin mu mvugo isanzwe. Iboneka cyane mu nyanja ya pasifika y’amajyaruguru y’uburasirazuba, kuva Alaska kugera Baja California. Ituye mu mazi magari kandi ihungira ku nkombe z’urutare, kugira ngo yirinde imivumba ikaze.
Ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwakozwe n’umuhanga mu binyabuzima byo mu nyanja witwa Thomas Ebert, bwagaragaje ko the red sea urchin itigera isaza. Izwiho kubaho imyaka irenga 100, ndetse bamwe bavuga ko igeza ku myaka 200. Iyi nyamaswa ishobora kudapfa, niba nta ndwara cyangwa abantu n’ibindi byayangiza ihuye na byo.
Ngizo zimwe mu nyamaswa zitangaje ziri ku isi zibaho imyaka myinshi cyane, mu gihe abantu bo badashobora kurama bene ako kageni.
