URUGAMBA RWA DIEN BIEN PHU (IGICE CYA KABIRI)

Nkuko twari twabigarutseho mu gice cya mbere cy inkuru yacu ku rugamba rwa Dien Bien Phu, uyu munsi turakomerezaho tureba ese ni iyihe yabaye intandaro y ukuneshwa n ikimwaro abafaransa bakuye muri Vietnam? Niba utarasomye igice cya mbere kanda iyi link abe ariho uhera kugira ngo ubyumve neza https://yegob.rw/urugamba-rwa-dien-bien-phu-igice-cya-mbere/

Nkuko mu bindi bihugu byari byarakoronijwe abantu babyo bajyanywe n abakoroni mu ntambara niko kubona ko nabo bagamburuzwa yewe ndetse bagatabwa muri yombi niko kugaruka bashaka ubwigenge ariko hamwe na hamwe babaga barabijeje ubwigenge nibaramuka babahaye abarwanyi. Abaturage ba Vietnam nyuma yuko abayapani babigaruriye mu gihe cy intambara ya kabiri y isi yose nubwo yariho irangira ninabwo abayapani bamanikaga amaboko bamaze kubaturaho ibisasu kirimbuzi bya bombe atomique muri Hiroshima na Nagasaki mu 1945 bavuye muri Indochina bayisigira aba viet minh banabohoza Hanoi niko guhita bavuga ko Vietnam yigenze, Aba Việt Minh yari national independence coalition yashingiwe ahitwa Pác Bó ishinzwe na Hồ Chí Minh tariki 19 Gicurasi, 1941. Việt Nam Độc Lập Đồng Minh Hội bari barashingiwe muri Nanjing, mu Bushinwa, hagati y ukwa munani 1935 no mu ntangiriro ya za 1936 ubwo amashyaka Vietnamese nationalist yishyiraga hamwe ngo arwanye ba gashakabuhake babaga barayogoje igihugu cyabo. Nyamara aba barazimye ntihagira icyo bakora ku bibazo byabo , yongeye kuzanirwa imbaraga n ishyaka ry abakomunisti yitwaga dochinese Communist Party (ICP) na Hồ Chí Minh mu 1941. Abaviệt Minh nibo bonyine basigaye barigize abarwanya abakoroni b abafaransa ndetse no kwigarurira Indochina bayambura abayapani.

Abaviet Mihn (Viet Nam Doc Lap Dong Minh Hoi) aho mu cyongereza bishaka kuvuga League for the Independence of Vietnam bayobowe na Ho Chi Minh mu rwego rwa politiki naho mu rwego rwa gisirikare bayobowe na generari Vo Nguyen Giap bacengeye muri Vietnam mu mpera za 1943 n abaviet minh be niko guhangana n abayapani yigumura kuri occupation yabo, aha hari mu ntambara ya kabiri y isi niko guhita atangira intambara ya guerrilla. Ubwo bari muri iyo ntambara nibwo bigaruriraga ibice binini by amajyaruguru ya Vietnam nyuma nabwo babohoza Hanoi niko guhita bashing leta yigenga bayita Independent Democratic Republic of Vietnam. Ibi ntibyarangiriye aho, abafaransa ntibari biteguye gutankaza inyungu bari bafite mu bice bya Indochina niko guhita bagaruka nk abakoroni birengagiza ndetse ntibakwemera ubutegetsi bushya bwari bugiyeho. Bidatinze abavietminh nabo ntibari biteguye gusubira munsi y ibendera ry abafaransa niko kurahira ko kugeza ku wanyuma wabo bazarwana mpaka umufaransa wanyuma avuye muri Vietnam cyangwa abanyavietnam bose bagashirira ku nkota bose bagapfa. .

Nibwo intambara yubuye hagati y abaviet mihn bayobowe na Ho Chi Min ndetse na generari Vo Nguyen Giap ndetse n abafaransa bayobowe n abagenerari benshi kuko basimburanywe muri Vietnam ari nako bashyikirizwa inkiko za gisirikare basobanura impamvu n icyabateye gutsindwa intambara. Iyi ntambara yiswe the first Indochina war, yatangiye tariki 19 Ukuboza 1946 irangira 1 Kanama 1954 irangirana intsinzi y abavietminh. Mbere yuko twinjira mu ntambara reka hagire amagambo amwe mumenya kuko tuzajya tuyabona kenshi ndetse tunayababwira icyo ashaka kuvuga.mu magambo yoroheje, harimo nka Garrison, Division, Battalion, Legionnaire, nandi nandi menshi.

 

Garrison bisobanura itsinda ry abasirikare baba bakambitse mu mutamenwa cyangwa mu mujyi kugira ngo bawurinde bikomeye ngo umwanzi atinjiramo. Infantry yo n i igisirikare kirwanira ku butaka ndetse banagendesha amaguru. Corps ni igice cy ingabo nyinshi aho iba igizwe na Divisions ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi cyane aho iba igizwe hagati y abasirikare 50 000 n 100 000 ikayoborwa n Lieutenant Generari. Division mu gisirikare ni unit ya gisirikare iba igizwe n abasirikare 10 000- 25 000, aha ahenshi iba igizwe na Regiments nyinshi cyangwa Brigades nyinshi ikayoborwa na General Officer Commanding aho i rank rye aba ari Major General. Brigade ni igice cya Division cyangwa se Subdivision y igisirikare aho iba igizwe n umubare muto wa infantry Battalions, regiments, squadrons ndetse nizindi units bigize Division, iyi ikaba iyoborwa na Brigadier General cyangwa se Senior Colonel igizwe n abasirikare basaga gato hagati y 3000- 5 000. Legionnaire ni umutwe w ingabo z abafaransa washinzwe mu 1831, aba aba ni infantry iba yarahawe imyitozo ihambaye ikaba ikorera hanze y igihugu cy ubufaransa ndetse n abanyamahanga bashobora kwinjizwamo.

Reka tube ducumbikiye aha tuzakomeza icyumweru gitaha!
Mugire amahoro!!!