HARAGIRIMANA Dieudonne
Itabi ni kimwe mubiyobyabwenge banywa batumura, bakanamira imyotsi. Itabi rikorwa hifashijwe ibibabi (leaves of tobacco). Nkuko tubikesha Wikipedia kugeza ubu hari ubwoko burenga mirongo irindwi (70) bw’itabi.
Itabi rero ngo ryaba rigira ingaruka kubarinywa no kubatarinywa biturutse kumyotsi itumurwa nabanywi b’itabi. Ritera indwara zitandukanye murizo twavuga; indwara z’ibihaha, iz’umwijima, iz’impyiko, kanseri n’izindi nyinshi zitandukanye.
Ubushakashatsi bugaragazako mu mwaka 2014, ku isi hose abarenga miliyari imwe (1 billion) banywaga itabi, abagera kuri miliyoni magana inani (800,000,000) higanjemo igitsina gabo, abarenga 80% babarizwa mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere.
Nkuko tubikesha the tobacco atlas, mu Rwanda abagera kuri 2500 bicwa n’indwara zikomoka ku tabi, abana bagera ku bihumbi 14 (14,000) nabakuze barenga 620,000 bakomeza kunywa itabi buri munsi.
Uburozi bwa nicotine buba mu itabi bwangiriza umubiri cyane. Nkuko tubikesha ishami ry’abanyamerika rishinzwe ibirebana na kanseri (National Cancer Institute) itabi ryifitemo utunyangingo turenga ibihumbi birindwi (7000 chemicals products). Muritwo utuzwi dutera ibibazo umubiri ni 250, 69 muri two dutera abantu kanseri.
Ingaruka mbi itabi ritera umubiri wacu?
- Yego, nibyo itabi ritera ingaruka mbi umubiri wacu, murizo twavuga :
Kanseri y’ibihaha, iy’urwagashya, mu kanwa,
Ryangiza amenyo, - Ritera indwara z’umutima (cyane cyane umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso)
- Kubyara umwana ufite ibiro bike cg udashyitse (premature birth),Ritera ubugumba bitewe no kugabanuka kw’intangangabo cg zitujuje ibisabwa (abnormal sperm cells)
- Amenyo y’umunywi w’itabi usanga yangirika cyane
Ibyagufasha kuva ku itabi?
Yego birashoboka. Guhagarika kunywa itabi bigora benshi nyamara hari uburyo wakwifashisha ngo uriveho;
1. Andika impamvu ushaka kurivaho
Bihe igihe gihagije cyo kubitekerezaho, andika impamvu ziguteye gutuma ureka kunywa itabi, nibyiza uzageraho umaze kureka itabi. Urugero ushobora kwandika uburyo itabi rikwangiriza amenyo, itabi rigutera umufuke (impumuro mbi mu kanwa n’ibyuya) bigatuma utisanzura igihe uri kumwe n’umukunzi cg inshuti zawe, kuba rigutera udusebe two mu kanwa twa hato na hato bigatuma udafata ifunguro nkuko ubyifuza, Kuzigama amafaranga,nibindi byinshi bitandukanye.
2. Gira intego ihamye yo kurireka
Gufata intego yo guhagarika ibiyobyabwenge nk’itabi biva kumuntu kugiti cye (personal commitment). Gira intego wumva zikurutira kunywa itabi. Tekereza kugihe bigutwara n’agaciro k’amafaranga rigutwara. Tangira wirinde ibigare bituma unywa itabi.
3. Ihe igihe ntakuka
Gena igihe uzahagarikira itabi wibanda ku matariki agize icyo asobanuye cg avuze mu buzima bawe. Fata igihe gihagije witegure mu mutwe no ku mubiri, igihe uhitamo italiki. Iyo taliki igomba kuba aricyo gihe wumva muri wowe ikunogeye, kandi itari iya cyera ku buryo byaba byarakurambiye. Byandike ahantu hihariye, kandi umenyeshe inshuti zawe zahafi (abo mukorana, abo mugendana, abo mwigana, abavandimwe) umunsi wihaye uzahagarikiraho kunywa itabi kandi ko utazarisubira ukundi kuko uzakenerako bagutera ingabo mu bitugu.
4. Ifashishe ababizobereyemo
Ubwawe birashoboka guhagarika kunywa itabi, ariko ushobora kwegera abaganga, n’abandi bahanga batandukanye, bagufashe gusohoka mu rusobe rwakubereye ihurizo. Hari imiti yagufasha kurivaho igihe bibaye ngombwa nka; varenicline , bupropion n’indi yagufasha kureka itabi. Hari iyo bomeka ku ruhu (Nicotine patch), iyo bahekenya nka shikarete, n’izindi nyinshi zitandukanye. Gusa izo bahekenya nizo bomeka ku mubiri nizo zikunzwe gukoreshwa. Mbere yo kuyifata bwira muganga cg farumasiye niba ugira kimwe muri ibi bibazo: ikibazo k’impyiko, umwijima cg izindi ngaruka waba wakugizeho niba warigeze kuwukoresha.
5. Tangira kugabanya umubare wamasegareti
Igihe wagiye nko muri siporo cg watembereye irinde kugenda uryitwaje kandi wirinde ubundi buryo bwose bwatuma ubona irindi.
6. Irinde ibyakubera imbarutso
Irinde ahantu na gahunda byagushora cg abantu mungendana bagushora mu ngeso zo kunywa itabi no kwica gahunda wihaye. Bwira abo mwarisangiraga ko wihaye gahunda yo kurivaho bazajya bareka kurinywa muri kumwe cg bajye kurinywera kure yawe. Irinde amateleviziyo, website n’imbuga nkoranya mbaga zagushora mu ngeso yo kunywa itabi.
7. Tegura aho uba naho ukorera bijyanye nu munsi wawe wo kureka kunywa itabi
Igihe umunsi wo guhagarika kunywa itabi wihaye wegereje genzura neza ko ntakintu nakimwe wasigaranye cyakongera kugushyira mu gishuko cyo kurisubiraho. Shaka indi myenda itarimo impumuro y’itabi kugira utazumva impumuro raryo ukongera kurishaka.
8. Hagarika kunywa itabi igihe ubona umunsi wihaye wegereje.
Tangira wimenyereze kubaho utanywa itabi, kugira ngo uzagere ku munsi wihaye wumva warabohotse. Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri bizagufasha gusibanganya ibitekerezo byo kunywa itabi.
SRC: UMUTIHEALTH
