Aphelion. Iyi ni phenomenon isanzwe iba buri mwaka, aho Isi iba iri kure cyane y’izuba kurusha ibindi bihe byose by’umwaka. Intera iri hagati y’Isi n’izuba muri icyo gihe izagera ku ntera ya kilometero miliyoni 152, ikaba ndende ugereranyije n’iya kilometero miliyoni 147 iba iriho mu ntangiriro z’umwaka mu gihe cya Perihelion.
Uburyo Isi izengurukamo izuba ntibiba mu muzenguruko wuzuye, ahubwo ni mu nzira y’ellipse, nk’uko byagaragajwe na Johannes Kepler, umuhanga w’Umudage mu by’ikirere mu kinyejana cya 17. Kepler yerekanye ko izuba riba ku ruhande rumwe rw’iyo ellipse, bituma Isi iba rimwe mu mwaka hafi cyane y’izuba (Perihelion) ubundi ikaba kure cyane (Aphelion). Uru rugendo rwa ellipse rutuma Isi yinjira muri Aphelion mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga, igahitamo kure y’izuba, mu gihe cy’impeshyi mu Majyaruguru y’Isi.
Nyamara, nubwo Isi iba iri kure y’izuba muri Aphelion, ubushyuhe bukomeza kuba bwinshi mu bice byinshi by’Amajyaruguru y’Isi. Impamvu y’ibi si intera iri hagati y’Isi n’izuba, ahubwo ni uko Isi yikikije ku gipimo cya dogere 23°27′, nk’uko abahanga mu by’ikirere babigaragaza. Ubu bukikije butuma izuba rikubita ku butaka mu buryo butandukanye bitewe n’igihe cy’umwaka, bigatera impinduka z’ibihe, impeshyi n’itumba.
Mu bushakashatsi bwe, Johannes Kepler yavuze ko iyi myumvire y’uko intera hagati y’Isi n’izuba idakwiye kwitiranywa n’impinduka z’ibihe. Nk’uko NASA ibisobanura, impeshyi n’itumba biterwa n’uburyo izuba rikubita ku butaka butandukanye bitewe n’uburyo Isi yikikije, atari intera iri hagati y’Isi n’izuba.
Mu minsi ishize, amakuru atari yo yagiye akwirakwizwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga avuga ko Aphelion izazana imbeho y’ikirenga, ibicurane n’indwara z’ubuhumekero. Ariko ibi ntibishingiye ku bushakashatsi bwizewe. Ikigo cy’itangazamakuru MISA Lesotho, gikorera muri Afurika y’Epfo, cyatangaje ko nta bimenyetso bya siyansi byerekana ko Aphelion ifite izo ngaruka, nk’uko NASA n’abahanga b’ikirere babyemeza. MISA Lesotho yanditse iti: “Nta bushakashatsi bwizewe bwerekana ko Aphelion itera imbeho, ibicurane cyangwa ibibazo by’ubuhumekero. Ibi ni ibihuha byakwiriye kwirindwa.”
Nubwo ubushyuhe bw’urumuri rugera ku Isi bushobora kugabanuka ku kigero cya 6-7% muri Aphelion, ntibihagije kugira ngo bitere impinduka zifatika ku bushyuhe bwo ku Isi cyangwa ku buzima bw’abantu.
Abahanga mu by’ikirere nk’umushakashatsi Dr. Emily Levesque wa Kaminuza ya Washington, hamwe na Dr. Michael Mann, umuhanga mu by’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, bemeza ko ibihe by’impeshyi n’itumba bishingira ku myanya y’Isi ku murongo wayo n’uburyo izuba rikubita ku butaka, atari ku ntera iri hagati y’Isi n’izuba.
Mu Rwanda no mu bindi bice bya Afurika, abahanga b’ikirere basaba abaturage kwirinda amakuru y’ibihuha ajyanye na Aphelion. Basaba gukomeza kwita ku buzima, kurya indyo yuzuye irimo vitamini C, D na Zinc, kunywa amazi ahagije, kwambara imyenda iboneye no gukurikira amakuru y’iteganyagihe atangwa n’inzego zizewe.
Mu by’ukuri, Aphelion ni igikorwa gisanzwe gishingiye ku mikorere y’Isi n’izuba, kandi ntigikwiye gutera ubwoba cyangwa guhindura imyitwarire y’abantu. Ni igihe cyiza cyo kwiga no gusobanukirwa n’ubumenyi bw’ikirere, kugira ngo tugire amakuru yizewe kandi twirinde kwanduranya ibihuha bidafite ishingiro.
