Davis Kwizera
Africa izwi nk’ umugabane utaragize iterambere guhera kera. Kenshi umuntu yibaza nimba ari ubuswa bw’ abahatuye cyangwa akaba ari agace dutuyemo gatuma udatera imbere.
“Umwanditsi Maurice Delafosse mu gitabo yise Les Noirs de l’ Afrique (paji 136-139) agaragaza ko nabahanga bakomeye babaye ku isi, iyo batakijya ku ishuri bakaba abo mu rugo, ubuvumbuzi ndetse n’ ubuhanga ntibwari bugaragare. Dushobora kurebera kubyo abany’ Africa bakora nk’ Imyambaro, ibikoresho byo gucuranga, indirimbo z’ umwihariko, ubwiza bw’ imitako ndetse n’ inkono zikorwa, ibi byose ni ibigaragaza ubuhanga abany’ Africa bafite mu bijyanye n’ ubukorikori.â€
Benshi twaba tuziko mu myaka yashize nta bintu byaba byaravumbuwe n’ abari batuye Africa. Aha tugiye kureba bamwe mu bafite inkomoko  kuri uyu mugabane bagiye bavumbura ibintu by’ agatangaza.
1. ERNEST EVERETT JUST (1883-1941)
Yavutse muri 1883, avukira muri Charleston, muri Carolina y’ amajyepfo. Yize muri kaminuza ya Dartmouth University, aho yariwe myirabura wenyine mu banyeshuri 287. Yagaragaje ubuhanga cyane mu byo yigaga bijyanye n’ ibinyabuzima, akomeza yiga ibinyabuzima byo mumazi. Erneste Everett yagaragaje ubuvumbuzi bw’ agatangaza: Imyitwarire y’ utunyengingo (1939), Uburyo bw’ ibanze bwo kwiga ku magi y’ inyamaswa zo mumazi (1940).
Mu gihe yigaga akora nubwo buvumbuzi muri Amerika, hari ibibazo bijyanye n’ ivangura ryo ku ruhu, bituma ashakira ubuhungiro i Burayi, kuko yabonaga abamenyi b’ i Burayi nkabumva ubumuntu icyo aricyo.
2. GARRETT AUGUSTUS MORGAN (1877-1963)
Garrett morgan yavutse muri 1877, avukira Paris mu bufaransa akagira ubwenegihugu bwa Amerika. Ubuvumbuze bwe bwamenyekanye nk’ indashyikirwa mu kinyejana cya 20 ni “Feu Rouge†zigaragara ku mihanda, yabikoze muri 1923 (brevet US no 1, 475, 024). Izi Feu Rouge zagaragajwe mu buvumbuzi bukomeye bwabayeho mu kinyejana cya 20 kuko bwafashije byinshi cyane mu bijyanye n’ imihanda. Nanubu Feu Rouge ziradufasha cyane.
Garrett Morgan kandi yavumbuye “Masque a Gaz†nyuma yo guhiga benshi muri chimie. Iyi masque yakoreshejwe cyane mu gukiza uuzima bwa benshi mu ntambarfa ya mbere y’ isi aho bombe za Gas zatangiye gukoreshwa. Ubu buvumbuzi bwatangajwe na Leta y’ Amerika muri 1914 nka bummwe mu buvumbuzi bukomeye butangira ikinyejana cya 20.
Hari n’ abandi banshi nka Lewis H. Latimer, Jan E. Matzeliger, Norbert Rillieux, nabandi nabandi kugeze kubaboneka muri iki gihe.
Tuzakomeza tureba ibyo bagiye bavumbura n’ amateka yabo.
