ANABASIS THE TEN THOUSANDS MARCH IGICE CYA KABIRI

Nkuko twari twababwiye mu gice kibanziriza iki, turakomereza ku gice cya kabiri cy iyi nkuru ivuga ku rugendo rw abasirikare 10 000 b abacancuro bakomokaga mu Bugiriki. Utarasomye inkuru ibanza dore aha niho wayisanga ugasoma ubundi ukabona gusobanukirwa ibi bigiye gukurikira ….. Niba utarasomye igice cya mbere cyangwa se ushaka kwiyibutsa kugira ngo ubashe kujyana natwe ukibyibuka mu nkuru yacu tugiye gutangira wasoma aha kanda kuri iyi link  https://yegob.rw/anabasis-the-ten-thousands-march-igice-cya-mbere/

Nyuma y urupfu rw Umwami w igihangange wategekaga ubumedi n ubuperesi Darius II wo mu muryango w aba Achaemenid wari ufite abahungu babiri uw imfura akaba Artaxerxes II II Mnemon na Igikomangoma Cyrus  the Younger mu murwa mukuru wabo wa Persepolis yari asize araze Artaxerxes II ubwami bw abami bw igihangange muri icyo gihe bwari ku buso bungana n ibirometero kare bisaga miriyoni eshanu n ibihumbi Magana atanu (5 500 000 km²). Ubu butaka bwari bugari bugizwe na Satrap (Intara cyangwa se Provinces) zigera nko mu 120 bwaheraga mu majyepfo muri Misiri bukazamuka bukagera kku mipaka n Ubugereki bugafata Aziya yo hagati ugakomeza Babuloni ukageza ku Buhinde.

Nyuma yuko mukuru we afashe ubutegetsi, Igikomangoma Cyrus  yatawe muri yombi na mukuru we ariko aza gucika ahungira mu ntara yari abereye Satrap ya Sardis/Sarde ahageze atangira gushaka igisirikare cyari kumufasha kugera ku ngoma agahirika mukuru we utari ukunzzwe cyane. Ibi yabishingiraga ku kuba yari intyoza azi no gutegeka ariko ikirushije akaba yaranakundwaga na nyina (Umugabekazi) ari nawe wifuzaga ko Igikomangoma Cyrus  ari we uba umwami mu cyimbo cya mukuru we Mnemon. Uyu Igikomangoma Cyrus  ku myaka ye 25 yari yarasimbuye Satrap Tissaphernes ku bu butegetsi bw intara ya Sardis bituma basa nkaho bagirana ubushyamirane. Aha Igikomangoma Cyrus  agambiriye gufata ubutegetsi bwa mukuru we, yitwaje ko agamije kurwanya abanzi b intara ye nuko agura abacancuro benshi kugira ngo baze bamufashe kurinda intara yategekaga, Umwami we yabonaga ari ikibazo kiri hagati ya Igikomangoma Cyrus  na Tissaphernes asa nkubitwara gake nubwo atariyishimiye ko bashyamirana. Ahagana muri 401 BC nibwo abacancuro b abagereki babonye ko mubyukuri Igikomangoma Cyrus  Atari agamije kurinda intara ye ko ahubwo yapangaga kwerekeza I Babuloni akanajya mu murwa mukuru, bakibimenya nibwo Igikomangoma Cyrus  yababwiye ko aza kubishyura menshi kurenza ayo yari yabemereye niko guhita abishyura amezi ane abizeza n ibindi byinshi. Nk abacancuro iby ibibazo byavuka bya politiki ntibyabarebaga ariko nabwo bagombaga kwirinda icyatuma bashirira ku icumu mu gihugu cya kure cy amahanga.

Nubwo aba bose bitwa ibihumbi cumi (10 000) nyamara bararengaga kuko babarirwaga hafi ibihumbi cumi na kimwe (11 000). Mu ngabo Igikomangoma Cyrus yarafite harimo:

1. Abahoplites 4000 bari bayobowe na Xenias w umunya Arcadia
2. Abahoplites 1500 ndetse na light infantry bayobowe na Proxenus w i Boeotia
3. Abahoplites 1000 bayobowe na Sophaenetus w umunya Stymphalia
4. Abahoplites 500 bayobowe na Socrates w umunya archian Atari Socrates w umuphilosophe
5. Abahoplites 300 n abapeltasts bayobowe na Pasion w umunya megaran
6. Abahoplites 1000, abathracians b abapeltasts 800, abarwanisha imiheto 200 b abanyacrete n abandi 2000 baturutse Xenias n i Pason bayobowe na Clearchus w umunyasparte
7. Abahoplites 300 bayobowe na Sosis w i Syracusan
8. Abahoplites 700 bayobowe na Chrisophus w umunyasparte
9. Abahoplites 1000 hamwe n abanya Thessalian b abapeltasts bayobowe na Menon
10. Abagereki 400 biyomoye cyangwa se bigumuye kuri Artaxerxes II

Ukuyeho igisirikare cyo ku butaka, Igikomangoma Cyrus cyari kinafite abarwanyi bo mu mazi aho bari bayobowe n aba admiral. Admiral ni izina rikomatanyije ry icyarabu “amir al-bahr” rivuga commander of the sea mu Kinyarwanda bivuga Umutware w inyanja ndetse n ikilatini “Admirabilis” bivuga admirable cyangwa “admiratus” bivuga admired, aba ku rwego rw ubutaka ukaba wabagereranya n abagenerari mu gisirikare kirwanira ku butaka. Aha igikomangoma Cyrus yarafite amato asaga 60 aho igice cya mbere cyari kigizwe n amato 35 ayobowe na Admiral Pythagoras w umunyasparte naho ikindi gice cya kabiri cyari kigizwe n amato 25 yari ayobowe na Tamos w umunyegiputa, nuko igikomangoma Cyrus afite n abarwanyi b abaperesi basaga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20 000) bayobowe n umugenerari w umuperesi witwaga Ariaeus.

Reka nanone tube tugarukiye aha n ah ubutaha mu gice cyacu cya gatatu.

Mugire amahoro y Imana!!!